01 · Before the internet
Pre-Internet
Assumptions shaped by physical access, scarce information and manual coordination.
- Routing is planned from static schedules, maps and dispatcher experience.
- Inventory visibility drops once goods leave a facility.
- Warehouses depend heavily on manual picking, counting and coordination.
- Delays are handled after a driver, customer or operator reports them.
- Capacity planning is based on historical averages and forecasts.